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Sagana Madam
The cells of Motor area are which type neuron ??
What is nissaI substance
Identification point of Axon
Example of Golgi type-2 ??
neuroglia cell name
What are the neuron & neuroglia present in cerebral cortex ? myelin sheath
How Axon is covered by oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell ??
Partho Sir
What is neuron, types?
Where these neurons are situated.
In myelination which type of neuroglia is associated in which place
Parts of neuron
Difference between Golgi type one and two neurons
Classification of neuron according to Size & velocity
Non myelinated neuron
What is carried by A &B & gamma fiber?
A fiber`s types
Suparna Madam
1. Division of nervous system(full)
2. Division of PNS
3. Function of autonomic nervous system
4. What is nucleus, what is ganglion, Location of autonomic ganglion, sensory ganglion
5. Classification of neurons, Example of bipolar & multipolar neuron
6. Structures of Nerve cell body & function, Granules of nerve cell body cytoplasm, For which substance Nerve cell body is yellowish in colour?
7. Processes of neuron, what is axon and dendrites.
8. What is Synapse
9. Types of neuroglia with location
10. Function of ependymal cells
11. Function of oligodendrocytes
Partho Sir
Meninges layer
Layers of dura mater
Nerves in dura mater,
What happens for these nerves?
Difference between dura mater of brain and spinal dura mater,
Projection of meningeal layer,
Position and attachment of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebella
Sinuses runs in falx cerebri,
Subarachnoid space position and content
Difference between epidural and subdural hemorrhage.
Position of two layers of Arachnoid mater.
Dural fold - function
Suparna Madam
1. Coverings of brain
2. Layers of dura matter, what is endosteal layer
3. Attachment of endosteal layer at suture
4. Folds of dura matter
5. Which structures are separated by falx cerebrei, attachment & sinuses?
6. Tentorium cerebelli: location, attachment, example
7. Epidural & subarachnoid space and content
8. What are cisterns and its example
9. Extension of cranial dura, Difference between spinal and cranial dura
10. Blood Supply of Dura, branches of which artery.
11. Where from middle meningeal artery arise?
12. Nerve supply of dura matter
Sagana mam
Functional component
SSA
Function
Nerves
GSA
Function
Nerves
Olfactory nerve
Course
How many order neurons? & what are they?
3rd order neuron of olfactory nerve
Optic nerve
Course
Order neurons
Lateral geniculate body is part of
Facial nerve
Nucleus
Functional component
Why component of facial parts are called SVE,GVE
Which muscles are supplied?
Signs & symptoms of Bell’s palsy
If full face paralysis occurs , what will be the diagnosis
Facial part is cut off, no tear drops. Where it was cut off
Above geniculate ganglion
Diagnosis of paralysis of one side of face muscle
due to LMN( CN7) lesion
Lesion below or above geniculate ganglion, in which case tear won't drop
Reason of Dry mouth & salivary dribble from mouth
Unique facial problem in facial nerve lesion - food accumulates in vestibule, why
Superior salivatory nucleus supplies
Which nerve provides parasympathetic supply to facial nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
What type of nerve glossopharyngeal is ?
Any SVA component of it? why?
Carries taste sensation from which part?
Shimanto Sir
1. Nerves: Meaning of
- General/ Special
- Afferent/ efferent
- somatic / visceral
- Classification (cranial/spinal, somatic/visceral, General /special, sympathetic/ parasympathetic)
- What do you mean by GSA, SSA, GVA, SVA. GSE. GVE, SVE
2. Cranial Nerves
- names (serially)
- which is motor/sensory/mixed
- component of cranial nerves
- which nerve passes through which foramen
3. Olfactory
- parts of olfactory system
- olfactory pathway (origin, course, terminates in which area)
- what is olfactory bulb/ tract/striae
- neurons of olfactory pathway
- Effect of lesion anosmia
4. Optic
- Visual pathway (origin, course, termination)
- Neurons of visual pathway
- Unique features of optic nerve
- Optic chiasma, location
- Reflexes
-Tell me about Edinger-Westphal nuclei
5. Opthalmic
-Distribution
6. Trigeminal
- Division of trigeminal nerve
- Nucleus, components of trigeminal nerve
- What is trigeminal Neuralgia?
7. Facial nerve
- Types of Nucleus, what are they?
- Function of nucleus with location
- Course
- Branches
- Supplies where
8. Auditory(vestibulocochlear)
- Pathway
- Nucleus with location
-Function
9. Glossopharyngeal
- Area supplied
- Function
- Nucleus
10. Vagus
- Supplies where
- Functions
- Nucleus with location
- By which foramen it exits
- Course of vagus nerve
- Gag Reflex
11. Accessory
- Roots of accessory nerve
- Area supplied by accessory nerve
-Nuclei of accessory nerve
12. Hypoglossal
- Location of nuclei
- Function
Devjani Madam
Visual Pathway of vision
Neural Pathway of hearing
Describe the course and distribution of facial nerve
Describe the course and distribution of accessory nerve
1. Cerebrum er lobe division 2. Parieto-occipitaParieto-occipitall sulcus theke imaginary line kototuku porjonto jabe? 1. Central sulcus kivCentralabe chinbo 2. Axon kivabe chine 3. CentraCentral sulcus er imp CentraCentra43.4. Golgi type 2 er example Broadman area koto tuku extend kore (thickness )? Occipital lode ar functional area and their position with broadmans number ? 1.Broadman area name & functions 2.broadman area r extension,cortex ki ki diye toiri? 3.neurogia cell name A prefrontal area r function 1.identification of central sulcus. 2.Importance of centarl sulcus 3.Position of primary visual area( "in the wall of calcarine sulcus near the occipital pole" bolte bolesen madam) 4.what are the neuroglia present in cerebral cortex( ependymal cell baade baki gulo)? 5.location of ependymal cell 6. Types of neuron present in cerebral cortex *Central sulcus identification points *Central sulcus er imp * motor area kon gula? * prefrontal area er kaj ki? * 2ndary motor area o ki motor impulse pathate pare naki khali store kore ? *broca’s area and wernick's area er lesion hole ki hobe ? * gray matter e ki thake 7? * myelin sheath kara toiri kore ? * oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell kivabe cover kore axon k ? Cerebral cortex e ki ki type neuron thake
Partho Sir
Content, Surfaces, lobes, poles of cerebrum
What are sulci and gyri
Which fissure goes between two parts
Name of main 3 sulci
Division of Lateral sulcus
Gyrus and sulcus Superolateral surface
Sulcus and gurus in Medial sulcus
Inferior sulci formation
How Lateral sulcus divide inferior part
Gyri & sulci of inferior surface
Formation of lobes
Sulcus and gurus in frontal lobe of superolateral surface
Area in Frontal lobe with name
Precentral gyrus Brodmann’s area number, name. Function
Broca's area, function
Area in occipital lobe, name, function, formation
Frontal lobe’s Brodmann’s area details
Prefrontal cortex area no, function
Primary motor area
Which center is in Precentral gyrus Brodmann's area number
In which lobe there is Primary auditory area it`s number
In which lobe there is Secondary auditory area ,Function
Brodmann's area function, number of Wernicke’s spelling area
Layers of cerebral cortex, Cell`s name
Nerve cells & layers of cerebral cortex
In transverse section of cerebrum which structures can be seen from inward to outward
Dominant and nondominant hemisphere function
Development of cerebrum.
Suparna Madam
1. Location & extension of central and lateral sulcus
2. How to hemispheres are separated, which structures are found in that fissure
3. Location of parieto-occipital & calcarine sulcus
4. Boundary of parietal lobe, temporal lobe
5. Sulci & gyri of frontal lobe, extension of superior & inferior frontal sulcus
6. Location of collateral sulcus
7. Where is Paracentral lobule located?
8. Location of cingulate, callosal sulcus, cingulate gyrus?
9. Location and Broadman area number of primary motor and premotor area, motor speech area, frontal eye field?
10. Location and Broadman area number of Sensory speech area of Wernicke
11. Location of primary, secondary somesthetic area with Broadman area number
12. Location and Broadman area number of Primary & Secondary visual area
Sagana Madam
Diencephalon
Parts of diencephalon
Thalamus
Function of thalamus
How many are they? How are they connected?
Interthalamic connection- gray matter/ white matter?
Hypothalamus
Functions of hypothalamus
Neurosecretion & endocrine control of hypothalamus
How hormone drains from neurohypophysis & where it drains
How hormone drains from adenohypophysis
Process of transport of hormones from hypothalamus to pituitary gland
Neurosecretory control of Hypothalamus , mention the name of hormones and from where they are synthesized ?? How they are carried into posterior lobe ?? ( Normal circulation ) not hypophyseal portal system
How hypothalamus regulates temperature
Epithalamus
What is epithalamus, What does it contain ? Which hormone secrets from pineal gland and when is it secreted ?
pathway of melatonin secretion
Pituitary Gland
Parts of pituitary gland
Parts of adeno and neurohypophysis ??Cell type in adenohypophysis
Difference between adenohypophysis & neurohypophysis (adeno > portal circulation & neuro > systemic circulation)
Parts of ant. & post. Pituitary
Partho Sir
What is Diencephalon, lies in which cavity?
Division & subdivision of diencephalon
Position of Thalamus
Number of thalamic nuclei
Attachment between two thalami, which type of matter is this?
Number of Ends/Poles?
What is formed by expansion of posterior end of thalamus?
Depending on what these nucleuses are formed?
What type of mater are these Nuclei?
Division of nucleus?
Thalamus function.
Hypothalamus function.
Function of Supra optic, Periventricular nucleus
How hypothalamus regulate temperature
hypothalamus food and water intake
Boundary of hypothalamus,
how many zones
Nucleus of medial and lateral zone
Location of pituitary gland, and name of the layer between hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Hormones of anterior pituitary gland
Name of hormones secretes by hypothalamus that control other hormones
Suparna Madam
1. Parts of diencephalon
2. What is thalamus?
3. What is the name of posterior part of thalamus? How is the anterior end?
4. Parts (Nucleus) of thalamus
5. Function of thalamus
6. Position of pituitary gland
7. Lobes of pituitary
8. Which hormone releases from anterior lobe
9. Which hormone releases from posterior lobe
10. Pathway of pituitary secretion
11. Difference between hypothalamo-hypophysial tract & portal system
12. Oxytocin and vasopressin produced by which nuclei
13. Function of ADH
Sagana mam
Basal ganglia
Parts of basal nuclei
Function of basal nuclei
Mechanism of function of basal nuclei
Differentiate basal nuclei & limbic system in CNS
Structures lateral to lentiform nucleus
What is corpus striatum
Neostriatum consists of
Internal capsule
Definition
Parts
Fibers
Corticospinal fibers pass through which side of internal capsule
Thalamocortical fibers- motor or sensory?
Extrapyramidal system
Name the fibers
Function of extrapyramidal tracts
Limbic system
Parts
Function
Anterograde amnesia
Suparna Madam
1. Definition & Division of basal nuclei
2. Shape of caudate nucleus, parts, location of head, which part is bigger?
3. Amygdaloid nucleus location, function with basal ganglia
4. Location of substantia nigra
5. Shape of claustrum & situation
6. Afferent & efferent fibers of basal nuclei
7. Function of basal ganglia
8. Location, parts & shape of internal capsule
9. Ascending fibers of anterior limb of internal capsule
10. Function of internal capsule
11. Parts of limbic system
12. Parts of hippocampal formation
13. Function of limbic system
Akifa madam
Brainstem
Parts of brainstem
Function of brainstem
What is in the outer layer of the brainstem on a cross section ? gray or white matter?
Nerve attachments
Midbrain
Parts of midbrain
Function of medial & lateral geniculate body
Function of thalamus in visual & auditory pathway
Name the cavity of midbrain
Arterial supply of midbrain
Which matter is in substantia nigra
Hindbrain
Parts of hindbrain
Name the cavity of hindbrain
Structures in front & behind of the cavity of hind brain
Pons
Name the anterior & posterior parts of pons
Location of trigeminal nerve
Location of basilar artery in pons
Medulla Oblongata
Attachment of vagus nerve
Nucleus of accessory nerve
Formation of olive
Olive, pyramid - gray or white matter?
Cerebellum
Location of cerebellum in cranial fossa
Anatomical & phylogenic classification of cerebellum
Fissures of cerebellum
Morphological divisions of cerebellum
Functional classifications of cerebellum, Formation & function of them
Function of the phylogenic parts of cerebellum
Oldest functional part of cerebellum
Function of cerebellum as a whole
How cerebellum connects with midbrain
What is arbor vitae
Layers & cells of cerebral cortex
Difference between type 1 & type 2 golgi cells
Name the intracerebellar nuclei & their functions
Surface of cerebellum
What is vermis
Function of the vermis
Name the white fibers of cerebellum
Arterial supply of cerebellum
Cerebellar syndrome
Reticular formation
What is reticular formation
Location of reticular formation
Function of reticular formation
Fibers of reticular formation
Name the afferent & efferent fibers of reticular formation
Suparna Madam
1. Parts of brainstem
2. Function of brainstem
3. Medulla oblongata connects which structures?
4. Posterior surface of medulla oblongata forms what?
5. Upper part of the floor of fourth ventricle formed by which structure?
6. Nerves arise from medulla oblongata
7. Medulla oblongata (internal structure
8. Pyramidal decussation figure and contents
9. Pyramid’s composition
10. Length of pons.
11. Description of anterior surface of pons.
12. Nucleus present in pons
13. Nerves passing through the groove between olive & inferior cerebellar peduncle, and groove between pons & medulla oblongata.
14. Position of midbrain, pons & medulla oblongata.
15. Transverse section at inferior colliculi
16. Parts of mid brains, Nucleus of midbrain
17. Situation of red nucleus
18. Location of cerebellum
19. Lobes & fissures of cerebellum
20. Which lobe is the largest?
21. What is archicerebellum, paleocerebellum, neocerebellum?
22. Functional parts of cerebellum
23. Situation of intermediate zone
24. Function of intermediate zone of cerebellum
25. Parts of vermis
26. What is reticular formation? Why it is different from ascending & descending fibers?
27. Reticular fiber influences function of which structure?
28. Functions of reticular formation
29. What are facial colliculi?
Akifa mam
Ventricular system
Location of lateral ventricles, third ventricle
Features of fourth ventricle
Another name of floor of fourth ventricle & its features / details about Rhomboid fossa
What is arachnoid villi & how it forms
What is tela choroidea
What is choroid plexus
Subarachnoid space
Subarachnoid space & its content
Extension of subarachnoid space
CSF
Where does CSF form
Absorption of CSF
What is BBB
Structure of BBB
Where is BBB absent
Blood-CSF barrier
Clinical correlation
Define & explain Papilledema
What is hydrocephalus
Partho Sir
What is Ventricle? Number? Internal structures, lining?
Development of ventricles
CSF - Characteristic and composition, function, circulation.
CSF production
Absorption of CSF
Suparna Madam
1. Circulation of CSF, where CSF is produced?
2. Components of CSF, daily production of CSF, pressure of CSF, absorption of CSF
3. Ultimate drainage of CSF
4. Function of CSF?
5. Locations and features of 3rd and lateral ventricles?
6. Boundary of 4th ventricle
7. Structures that pierces sclera
8. What type of artery is central artery of retina
Akifa mam
Spinal cord & spinal nerve
Length of spinal cord
Define spinal nerve . What type of nerve is it?
Termination level of spinal cord
Covering of spinal cord & its layers
Define Conus medullaris, Cauda equina, Filum terminale
Cauda equina nervous or non-nervous?
Extension of spinal cord
Termination of Subarachnoid space,Dura mater, subarachnoid mater, Pia mater
Epidural Space
Difference between spinal dura & brain dura
Structures which give stability to spinal cord
Enlargement of spinal cord
Structures seen on the cross section of spinal cord
What is spinal segment
Unique features of thoracic & lumbar segment of spinal cord
What are white matter & gray matter & their positions in spinal cord
Nucleus of posterior gray column
Central canal develops from
Development of spinal cord
Arterial supply of spinal cord
Tract
What is tract ?
Basic difference of ascending & descending tract
What do Pyramidal, extrapyramidal mean
Another name of pyramidal tract
Name one ascending & one descending tract
Define upper motor end, Lower motor end
Clinical Correlations
Level of lumbar puncture
Upper motor end lesion , Lower motor end lesion
Shimanto Sir
Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerve
1. What is spinal cord?
2. Length, spinal cord extension.
3. Segments of spinal cord, number of spinal nerves
4. Shape of spinal cord in different segments.
5. Where the spinal nerve roots arise from?
6. Which lies lower between spinal segment and vertebrae
7. What is conus medullaris? Shape of conus medullaris? What is the thread like projections from conus medullaris? Extension of filum terminale?
8. Position of gray and white matter
9. Number of gray matter horns, where lateral horns are absent
10. Functions of anterior, posterior and lateral horns
11. Shape of posterior horns in different level
12. Nucleus of anterior horn
13. Nucleus of posterior horn, another name of nucleus dorsalis
14. Nucleus of lateral horn
15. Laminae and nuclear groups (numbers)
16. Enlargement of spinal cord? Why it is enlarged?
Tract
17. What is tract?
18. Tracts of spinal cord.
19. Name of ascending tracts? First order neurons? Which are crossed & which are not? Functions of different ascending tracts? Which tract covey visual stimulus?
20. Name of descending tracts? What are the functions? Which are crossed & which are not?
21. Origin of vestibulospinal tract?
22. Another name of pyramidal tract? Origin & termination of corticospinal tract? Functions of corticospinal tracts
23. Name of extrapyramidal tracts, which are crossed & which are not?
24. Termination of anterior and posterior spinothalamic tract? Function of these tracts. Beginning of lateral spinothalamic tract.
25. About tract of Gall & Burdach
26. Do the spinocerebellar tracts have third order neuron?
27. Internal structures that are found in transverse section of spinal cord.
Clinical correlation
28. What is syringomyelia?
29. Upper & Lower motor neuron. Features of UMN lesion
Debasish Sir
Spinal cord & spinal nerve
Development of spinal cord
anatomical position of spinal cord.
Structure of cross-section of spinal cord.
Extension of spinal cord.
Difference between cross-section of spinal cord and central nervous system.
Structures of gray and white matter.
What is interneuron?
What is upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron?
Difference between upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron lesions.
What do you mean by (i) filum terminale, (ii) cauda equina. (iii) Cauda equina syndrome. ( iv ) Tabes dorsalis
Artery Supply - Venous drainage of spinal cord.
Shape of different spinal cord segments in cross section.
Sensation carried by posterior column nerve cells group,
Development of the neural tube,
length of neural tube during intrauterine life.
Number of spinal nerves in different Cord segments.
Formation of spinal nerve with figure.
Tract
Course of spinothalamic tract.
Name the ascending and descending tracts.
Position of first second and third order neuron in lateral and anterior
(i) spinal thalamic tract (ii) Tract of gall and Burdach (iii) corticospinal tract.
Function of the > (i) spinothalamic, (ii) spinocerebellar tract, (iii) tract of Gall and burdach, (iv) extrapyramidal tracts.
Clinical crrelation
Site of decussation in case of spinothalamic tract and fascicular gracilis and cuneatus?
Effects of Hemisection of the spinal cord below and above and at the level.
Shila Mam
1. Extension of spinal cord?
2. Filum terminale & cadua equina?
3. How spinal nerve is formed?
4. Cervical allotment.
5. Component of spinal nerves.
6. Support of the spinal cord.
7. Extension of spinal cord.
8. Arterial supply of spinal cord.
9. Ligamentum denticulatum
10. Relation spinal segments to cervical vertebra.
11. Posterior root ganglia
12. on the anterior and posterior surface of spinal cord which structures present
13. gross feature of spinal cord
14. Which structures arise from the lateral surface of spinal cord
15. Structure of spinal cord.
16. Length of spinal cords.
17. Layer of spinal cord.
18. Why spinal cord does not extend along the length of vertical column in adult.
Akifa mam
Tunics of eyeball
Layers of eyeball
What is called the parts of middle vascular layer together
Structures piercing sclera
Function of pupil
Function of sclera
Blind spot
Cornea
Layers of cornea
Blood supply of cornea
Nutrition supply of cornea
Retina
Layers of retina
Function of rods & cones
Which type of artery central artery of retina is & why
Example of functional end artery
Refractive media
Refractive media of eye
What is aqueous humour
Pathway of aqueous humour
Composition of aqueous humor
Composition of vitreous humour
Function of aqueous humour
Function of refractive media
Visual pathway
Peculiarity of optic nerve
Visual pathway
Brodmann area number of primary visual cortex
Brodmann area number of visual association areas
Development of optic nerve
Ocular muscle
Name the ocular muscles
Nerve supply of ocular muscles
Name the extraocular muscles & NS
Name the intrinsic muscles & their function, NS
Chambers
How anterior & posterior chambers are divided
Reflexes
Visual reflex
Accommodation reflex
Which nerve will be stimulated when light converges
Clinical correlation
What is cataract
What is squint
What is glaucoma
Suparna Madam
1. What type organ is eye?
2. Layers of eyeball
3. Refactory media of eye
4. Function of cornea, Is cornea avascular
5. Situation of ciliary body
6. Structure of ciliary body
7. Layers of retina
8. Light sensitive area of retina
9. What is Optic disk
10. Clinical importance of cornea
11. What is glaucoma? Why does it occur?
12. Pathway of circulation of Aqueous humor
13. Function of iris
14. What is cataract
15. Structures that pierces sclera
16. What type of artery is central artery of retina
17. In which case pupils get dilated & fixed?
18. Visual Pathway
Shila Madam
1. Layers of eyeball
2. Layers of retina
3. Layers of cornea
4. Retina er blood supply, central artery branch of which artery, optical artery branch of which artery?
5. Photoreceptor cell (short note)
6. Normal intraocular pressure
7. Retina ligament name
8. Nerve supply of iris
9. Corneal epithelial lining
10. Visual pigment protein name
11. Lens structure
12. How the vascularity of cornea maintained!? Is cornea vascular?
13. What is cataract?
14. What is glaucoma?
15. What is optic disc and blind spot?
16. Lens location
17. Aqueous humor location, composition, pathway
18. Vitreous humor composition
19. Function of retina
20. Function of vitreous humor
21. Refractive media
22. Extraocular and intraocular/intrinsic muscle name , function and nerve supply
23. Choroid: structure of choroid layer, location
24. Cornea clinical? cornea is used for grafting and transplantation!
25. Function and muscle names of iris, muscle nerve supply and function,
26. Aqueous humor: where it drains? (Anterior ciliary vein, iridocorneal junction and canal of scheme)
27. Structure passes through the choroid
28. Lens power (15 - 58 diopter)
29. Photoreceptor cell (short note)
30. Normal intraocular pressure
31. Retina ligament name
32. Nerve supply of iris
33. Corneal epithelial lining
34. Visual pigment protein name
35. Short note - Lens